在Linux上创建ASM存储分区

By banping On 2010/02/25 · Leave a Comment · In Oracle

本文描述了在Linux 服务器上创建分区、建立oracle ASM存储和创建数据库实例的过程。

查看当前分区：

[root@erpdevdb ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 1048.5 GB, 1048576000000 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 127482 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id System
/dev/sda1   *           1          65      522081   83 Linux
/dev/sda2              66        2676    20972857+ 8e Linux LVM
/dev/sda3            2677        5287    20972857+ 8e Linux LVM
/dev/sda4            5288      127482   981531337+   5 Extended
/dev/sda5            5288        7898    20972826   8e Linux LVM
/dev/sda6            7899       20400   100422283+ 8e Linux LVM
/dev/sda7           20401       32850   100004593+ 8e Linux LVM
/dev/sda8           32851       57750   200009218+ 8e Linux LVM

Disk /dev/sdb: 1198.8 GB, 1198899855360 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 145757 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id System
/dev/sdb1               1       37349   300005811   83 Linux
/dev/sdb2           37350       74698   300005842+ 83 Linux
/dev/sdb3           74699      136946   500007060   83 Linux

在/dev/sda设备上创建一个新的分区：

[root@erpdevdb ~]# fdisk /dev/sda

The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 127482.
There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
and could in certain setups cause problems with:
1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
   (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)

Command (m for help): m
Command action
   a   toggle a bootable flag
   b   edit bsd disklabel
   c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
   d   delete a partition
   l   list known partition types
   m   print this menu
   n   add a new partition
   o   create a new empty DOS partition table
   p   print the partition table
   q   quit without saving changes
   s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
   t   change a partition's system id
   u   change display/entry units
   v   verify the partition table
   w   write table to disk and exit
   x   extra functionality (experts only)

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sda: 1048.5 GB, 1048576000000 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 127482 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id System
/dev/sda1   *           1          65      522081   83 Linux
/dev/sda2              66        2676    20972857+ 8e Linux LVM
/dev/sda3            2677        5287    20972857+ 8e Linux LVM
/dev/sda4            5288      127482   981531337+   5 Extended
/dev/sda5            5288        7898    20972826   8e Linux LVM
/dev/sda6            7899       20400   100422283+ 8e Linux LVM
/dev/sda7           20401       32850   100004593+ 8e Linux LVM
/dev/sda8           32851       57750   200009218+ 8e Linux LVM

Command (m for help): n
First cylinder (57751-127482, default 57751):
Using default value 57751
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (57751-127482, default 127482): +300000M

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sda: 1048.5 GB, 1048576000000 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 127482 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id System
/dev/sda1   *           1          65      522081   83 Linux
/dev/sda2              66        2676    20972857+ 8e Linux LVM
/dev/sda3            2677        5287    20972857+ 8e Linux LVM
/dev/sda4            5288      127482   981531337+   5 Extended
/dev/sda5            5288        7898    20972826   8e Linux LVM
/dev/sda6            7899       20400   100422283+ 8e Linux LVM
/dev/sda7           20401       32850   100004593+ 8e Linux LVM
/dev/sda8           32851       57750   200009218+ 8e Linux LVM
/dev/sda9           57751       94224   292977373+ 83 Linux

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy.
The kernel still uses the old table.
The new table will be used at the next reboot.
Syncing disks.
[root@erpdevdb ~]#

这时能看到新的分区：

[root@erpdevdb ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 1048.5 GB, 1048576000000 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 127482 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id System
/dev/sda1   *           1          65      522081   83 Linux
/dev/sda2              66        2676    20972857+ 8e Linux LVM
/dev/sda3            2677        5287    20972857+ 8e Linux LVM
/dev/sda4            5288      127482   981531337+   5 Extended
/dev/sda5            5288        7898    20972826   8e Linux LVM
/dev/sda6            7899       20400   100422283+ 8e Linux LVM
/dev/sda7           20401       32850   100004593+ 8e Linux LVM
/dev/sda8           32851       57750   200009218+ 8e Linux LVM
/dev/sda9           57751       94224   292977373+ 83 Linux
/dev/sda10          94225      127482   267144853+ 83 Linux

Disk /dev/sdb: 1198.8 GB, 1198899855360 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 145757 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id System
/dev/sdb1               1       37349   300005811   83 Linux
/dev/sdb2           37350       74698   300005842+ 83 Linux
/dev/sdb3           74699      136946   500007060   83 Linux
/dev/sdb4          136947      145757    70774357+ 83 Linux

查看当前的ASM磁盘组：

[root@erpdevdb ~]# /etc/init.d/oracleasm listdisks
VOL1
VOL2
VOL3

这时创建新的ASM磁盘组会报错，正如前面创建分区保存时提示的，需要重启后才生效。

[root@erpdevdb ~]# /etc/init.d/oracleasm createdisk VOL4 /dev/sda9
Marking disk "VOL4" as an ASM disk: [FAILED]

关闭已有的oracle 实例和ASM实例：

[oracle@erpdevdb ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=devdb
[oracle@erpdevdb ~]$ sqlplus " / as sysdba"

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Feb 25 12:52:48 2010

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options

SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options

[oracle@erpdevdb ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=+ASM
[oracle@erpdevdb ~]$ sqlplus " / as sysdba"

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Feb 25 12:57:24 2010

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options

SQL> shutdown immediate
ASM diskgroups dismounted
ASM instance shutdown
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options

关闭listener ：

[oracle@erpdevdb ~]$ lsnrctl

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on 25-FEB-2010 12:58:32

Copyright (c) 1991, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Welcome to LSNRCTL, type "help" for information.

LSNRCTL> stat
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
Start Date                29-NOV-2009 13:13:31
Uptime                    87 days 23 hr. 45 min. 5 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Parameter File   /u01/app/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File         /u01/app/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/log/listener.log
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=erpdevdb.chinacnd.com)(PORT=1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "PLSExtProc" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "PLSExtProc", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
LSNRCTL> stop
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1)))
The command completed successfully
LSNRCTL> exit

重启服务器：

[root@erpdevdb ~]# reboot

Broadcast message from root (pts/1) (Thu Feb 25 12:59:17 2010):

The system is going down for reboot NOW!

重启后启动Listerner：

[root@erpdevdb ~]# su - oracle
[oracle@erpdevdb ~]$ lsnrctl start

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on 25-FEB-2010 13:03:58

Copyright (c) 1991, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Starting /u01/app/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...

TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
System parameter file is /u01/app/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Log messages written to /u01/app/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/log/listener.log
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1)))
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=erpdevdb.chinacnd.com)(PORT=1521)))

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
Start Date                25-FEB-2010 13:03:58
Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Parameter File   /u01/app/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File         /u01/app/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/log/listener.log
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=erpdevdb.chinacnd.com)(PORT=1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "PLSExtProc" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "PLSExtProc", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
[oracle@erpdevdb ~]$

启动Asm实例：

[oracle@erpdevdb ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=+ASM
[oracle@erpdevdb ~]$ sqlplus "/ as sysdba"

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Feb 25 13:04:17 2010

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> startup
ASM instance started

Total System Global Area 130023424 bytes
Fixed Size                  2019032 bytes
Variable Size             102838568 bytes
ASM Cache                  25165824 bytes
ASM diskgroups mounted
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options

启动其他数据库实例：

[oracle@erpdevdb ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=devdb
[oracle@erpdevdb ~]$ sqlplus "/ as sysdba"

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Feb 25 13:04:40 2010

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 4294967296 bytes
Fixed Size                  2026296 bytes
Variable Size             285213896 bytes
Database Buffers         3992977408 bytes
Redo Buffers               14749696 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL> exit

创建Asm设备：

[root@erpdevdb ~]# /etc/init.d/oracleasm createdisk VOL4 /dev/sda9
Marking disk "VOL4" as an ASM disk: [ OK ]
[root@erpdevdb ~]#
[root@erpdevdb ~]#
[root@erpdevdb ~]#
[root@erpdevdb ~]# /etc/init.d/oracleasm listdisks
VOL1
VOL2
VOL3
VOL4

创建ASM磁盘组：

[root@erpdevdb ~]# su - oracle
[oracle@erpdevdb ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=+ASM
[oracle@erpdevdb ~]$ sqlplus "/ as sysdba"

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Feb 25 13:52:44 2010

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options

SQL>
SQL>
SQL> create diskgroup DGTEST external redundancy disk 'ORCL:VOL4';

Diskgroup created.

SQL>
SQL> select name,group_number,disk_number,mode_status from v$asm_disk;

NAME                           GROUP_NUMBER DISK_NUMBER MODE_ST
------------------------------ ------------ ----------- -------
VOL1                                      3           0 ONLINE
VOL2                                      1           0 ONLINE
VOL3                                      2           0 ONLINE
VOL4                                      4           0 ONLINE

SQL> select group_number,name,total_mb,free_mb from v$asm_diskgroup;

GROUP_NUMBER NAME                             TOTAL_MB    FREE_MB
------------ ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
           1 DGDEV                              292974     151815
           2 DGPAPER                            488288     328379
           3 DGSTUDY                            292974     168839
           4 DGTEST                             286110     286058

SQL> exit